تأثیر آبیاری ناقص ریشه با آب شور و شیرین بر برخی از ویژگی‌های گیاه زنیان در یک اقلیم خشک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه زابل، زابل، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران

چکیده

بحران آب شیرین و شوری خاک مهم‌ترین عوامل محدود کننده کشاورزی در مناطق خشک محسوب می‌شوند، در چنین شرایطی بهره‌برداری سازگار با محیط زیست همچون کشت گیاهان دارویی می‌تواند راهبردی هوشمندانه برای این مناطق باشد. بدین منظور، آزمایش مزرعه‌ای با چهار تیمار و سه تکرار، در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در شهرستان زهک طی سال‌ زراعی 96-1395 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش، استراتژی‌های مختلف آبیاری بودند که شامل آبیاری کامل با آب شیرین (F.FI)، آبیاری ناقص ریشه با آب شیرین (F.PRD)، آبیاری ناقص ریشه با آب شور (S.PRD) و آبیاری ناقص ریشه با آب شور و شیرین به صورت تناوبی (SF.PRD) می‌شوند. نتایج بدست آمده بیانگر این بود که بیش‌ترین مقادیر ارتفاع، تعداد چتر، شاخه‌های جانبی، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد گیاه در تیمار F.FI بدست آمد و مقادیر آن‌ها، به ترتیب، cm 1/46، 42 عدد، 10 عدد، 86/0 گرم و 293 کیلوگرم بر هکتار بود. با این وجود، اختلاف معنی‌داری بین مقادیر عملکرد تیمار F.FI با تیمارهای F.PRD و SF.PRD مشاهده نشد. لذا می‌توان آبیاری ناقص ریشه با آب شور و شیرین را به عنوان بهترین راهکار کاهش مصرف آب شیرین در اقلیم‌های خشکی همچون منطقه سیستان برای کشت این گیاه دارویی توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of PRD with saline and fresh water on some characteristics of ajwain in an arid region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Kalanaki 1
  • Fatemeh Karandish 2
  • Peyman Afrasiab 2
  • Issa Khamari 3
  • S.Mahmoud Tabatabaei 4
1 Water Engineering Department, University of Zabol, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, University of Zabol., Zabol., Iran
3 Assistant professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
4 Assistant professor, Water Engineering Department, University of Zabol, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Freshwater crisis and soil salinity are the most important factors that limiting agriculture in arid areas. In these conditions, cultivation of medicinal plants with considering environmental aspects can be an intelligence strategy for these areas. For this purpose, a field experiment with four treatments and three replications was conducted in randomized complete blocks design in Zahak city during 2016-2017. The treatments were consisted of full irrigation with fresh water (F.FI), partial root zone drying with fresh water (F.PRD), partial root zone drying with saline water (S.PRD) and partial root zone drying with saline and fresh water (SF.PRD). The highest values of plant height (46.1 cm), number of umbel per plant (42), number of branches per plant (10), 1000-seed weight (0.86 gr) and seed yield (293 kg ha-1) were observed in F.FI. There were non-significant differences between F.PRD, FI and SF.PRD in most traits. Results illustrated that application of PRD with alternate fresh and saline water was the best option for decreasing fresh water usage in arid climate of Sistan region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Partial root-zone drying
  • saline water
  • ajwani
  • Sistan
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