بررسی اثر زئولیت برخصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و مورفولوژیکی چمن Festuca arundinacea تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیات علمی گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 کارشناس فضای سبز شهرداری مشهد

3 گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

تنش خشکی و تأثیر آن بر گیاهان پوششی یکی از موارد مهم در تحقیقات گیاهی است. استفاده از تکنیک‌های جدید جهت ایجاد مقاومت بیشتر به تنش‌های محیطی در این گیاهان ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. در این پژوهش به بررسی اثر زئولیت‌ها بر صفات مورفولوژیک و برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک چمن تحت تنش خشکی پرداخته شد. به این منظور آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کامل تصادفی با 2 تیمار و 3 تکرار در گلخانه‌های علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در بهار و تابستان 1397 اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد آزمایش شامل سطوح تنش خشکی بر اساس ظرفیت مزرعه (FC) در 3 سطح (100% (کنترل)، 50% و 25%) و مقدار زئولیت مخلوط با خاک لومی در 3 سطح (0، 10% و 20% w/w) بود. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده سطوح آبیاری 50% و 25% منجر به کاهش صفات رویشی، کاهش محتوای نسبی آب برگ و افزایش نشت یونی، مقدار پرولین و کربوهیدرات‌ کل در گیاه شد. اثرات متقابل زئولیت و تنش خشکی نشان داد که بیشترین سطح برگ (31640 سانتی متر مربع)، وزن خشک کل (21/78 گرم) و کاروتنوئید (16/2 میلی گرم بر گرم وزن تر) و کمترین مقدار نشت یونی در سطح زئولیت 20% و در شرایط عدم تنش بوده است. استفاده از زئولیت‌ها به خصوص در سطح 20% منجر به افزایش صفات رشدی از قبیل وزن تر و خشک ریشه و ساقه، سطح برگ، ارتفاع و کاروتنوییدها شد. به طور کلی کاربرد زئولیت منجر به افزایش صفات رشدی در گیاه چمن تحت تنش خشکی شده است و در شرایط آبیاری محدود می‌تواند اثرات جبرانی و بهبود دهنده‌ای بر رشد گیاه داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of zeolite on some physiological and morphological traits of Festuca arundinacea grass under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yahya Selahvarzi 1
  • somayeh Sarfaraz 2
  • Maryam Kamali 3
  • Mohsen Zabihi 2
  • Behdad Alizadeh 3
1 Department of Horticultural science and Landscape engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Mashhad Municipality Expert
3 Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

Drought stress and its impact on cover crops is one of the most important studies in plant research. So, the use of modern techniques to provide greater resistance to environmental stresses is necessary. In this study, investigated the effect of zeolite on some morphological and physiological traits of Festuca arundinacea grass under drought stress. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with 2 treatments and 3 replications was conducted in horticultural science greenhouses of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in spring and summer of 2018. Treatments included 3 levels of drought stress based on field capacity (FC): (100% (control), 50% and 25%) and 3 levels of zeolite mixed with loam: (0, 10% and 20% w / w). According to the results, irrigation levels of 50% and 25% resulted in reduced vegetative traits, decreased relative water content and increased ion leakage, proline and total carbohydrate content in the plant. The interaction effects of zeolite and drought stress showed that treatment with 20% zeolite had the highest leaf area (31640 cm 2), total dry weight (78.21 g) and carotenoids (2.16 mg/g fresh weight) and the lowest ion leakage in non-stress conditions. application of zeolites especially at 20% level resulted in increased growth traits such as fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, leaf area, height and carotenoids. The results showed that zeolite improves plant growth traits and can reduce the damaging effects of drought stress on grass.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ion leakage
  • leaf area
  • photosynthetic pigments
  • superabsorbent
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