Optimizationof Irrigation Schedulingin Farm’s Units atShaidChamran Irrigation and Drainage Network

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc of water structures Engineering, Graduated from University of Tehran / Board Member of Arian-Khooshe-Pars Co., Tehran., Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran., Tehran., Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, University of Tehran., Tehran., Iran

4 Head of Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Tehran AB-KHAK Consulting Engineers Co., Tehran., Iran

Abstract

The biggest consumer of water in the world is agricultural sector. So, optimization of agricultural water usage is considered of a great importance. In this research, optimization of irrigation scheduling in ShahidChamran irrigation and drainage network has been investigated at the scale of farm channels using a combined model including AquaCrop simulation model, a multi-objective classic optimization algorithm (weighted sum), and genetic algorithm. Two types of irrigation scheduling methods of constant depth-interval and variable depth- interval proportionate with soil type in maize farm units (cropping pattern plant with high demand) were proposed. Objective functions were developed to optimize soil type 1 (coarse-textured) water productivity, leaching fraction, yield and the number of irrigation events while for soil type 2 (fine-textured) the objective functions were water productivity, soil saturated extract salinity, crop yield and the number of irrigation events. Each objective function component contains concepts of water resources sustainable development, control on drainage volume and environment, lands stability and utilization issues. For soil type 1, optimization results showed a reduction about 50% in water consumption, an increase up to 94 % in water productivity, a reduction of 62% in leaching fraction, three times reduction in irrigation events in constant depth-interval schedule. The results also showed a reduction of 50% in water consumption, 111% increase in water quantities efficiency, a reduction of 66% in leaching fraction, and three times reduction in irrigation events in variable depth-interval method in soil type 1. Furthermore, the results for soil type 2, were a reduction of 35% in water consumption, an increase of 63% in water productivity, 52% reduction in leaching fraction, reducing an irrigation event in constant depth-interval schedule. For variable depth-interval method, the results indicate a reduction of 35% in water concumption, an increase of 70% of water usage efficiency, 11% increase in crop yield and a reduction of an irrigation event, compared with the proposed irrigation scheduling.

Keywords


آقاجانی،م.، نوابیان،م.، وظیفه دوست،م و رضایی،م. 1392. مقایسه‌ی مدل‌های شبیه­سازی- بهینه‌یابی بهره‌وری آب با دور تناوب ثابت و متغیر آبیاری برنج رقم هاشمی در رشت. نشریه پژوهش آب در کشاورزی. 27. 4: 635-623.
اکبری،م.، دهقانی سانیچ،ح و میرلطیفی،م. 1387. تأثیر اصلاح تقویم آبیاری در بهره‌وری آب کشاورزی. سومین کنفرانس مدیریت منابع آب در ایران. دانشکده عمران، دانشگاه تبریز.
چوکان،ر. 1391. ذرت و ویژگی‌های آن. انتشارات سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی. 427 صفحه.
دهقان،ه.، علیزاده،او حقایقی مقدم،س.ا. 1389. تخمین اجزای بیلان آب در مقیاس مزرعه با استفاده از مدل شبیه‌سازیSWAP. نشریه آب و خاک دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.24. 6: 1275-1265.
شکوهی،ع. 1391. مقایسه شاخص‌های RDI و SPIبرای تحلیل خشکسالی در مقیاس ایستگاهی با تکیه بر خشکسالی کشاورزی (مطالعه موردی: قزوین و تاکستان). فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی مهندسی آبیاری و آب. 3. 9: 122-111.
علیزاده،ا. 1389. رابطه آب و خاک و گیاه. انتشارات دانشگاه امام رضا (ع). 610 صفحه.
علیزاده،ا. 1385. طراحی سیستم‌های آبیاری سطحی. انتشارات دانشگاه امام رضا (ع). 450 صفحه.
محمدی،س.، میرطیفی،س.م و اکبری،م. 1393. برنامه‌ریزی آبیاری نیشکر با استفاده از تلفیق داده‌های سنجش از دور و SWAP در کشت و صنعت نیشکر میرزا کوچک خان خوستان. نشریه پژوهش آب در کشاورزی. 28. 1: 50-39.
مهندسین مشاور آب خاک تهران. 1380. گزارشات جلد یازدهم و چهاردم پروژه شبکه آبیاری و زهکشی اراضی حاشیه طرح شهید چمران.
Debaeke,P. Aboudrare,A. 2004. Adaptation of crop management to water-limited environments. European Journal of Agronomy.  21: 433-446.
Doorenbos,J  and Kassam,A.H. 1979.
Yield response to water. FAO irrigation and drainage paper no. 33. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Garcia-Vila,M., Fereres,E., Mateos,L., Orgaz,F and Steduto,P. 2009. Deficit irrigation optimization of cotton with AquaCrop. Agronomy Journal. 101.3: 477-487.
Ghahraman,B and Sepaskhah,A.R. 2002. Optimal allocation of water from single purpose reservoir to an irrigation project with pre-determined multiple cropping patterns .Irrigtion. Science. 127-137.
Hanks,R.J. 1983. Yield and water-use relationships. P. 393-411.
Hsiao,T.C., Heng,L.K., Steduto,P., Rojas-Lara,B., Raes,D and Fereres,E. 2009. AquaCrop-the FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water III.Parameterization and testing for maize.Agronomy Journal. 101: 448-459.
Li,J., Inanaga,S., Li, Z  and Eneji,A.E. 2005. Optimizing irrigation scheduling for winter wheat in the north china plain. Agricultural Water Management. 76.1: 8-23.
Qureshi,S.A., Madramootoo,C.A and Dodds,G.T. 2001. Evaluation of irrigation schemes for sugarcane in Sindeh, Pakistan, using SWAP93. Agricultural Water Management.54: 37-48.
Raes,D., Steduto,P., Hsiao,T.C and Fereres,E. 2009. AquaCrop- the FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water: II. Main algorithms and software description. Agronomy Journal. 101:438-447.
Steduto,P., Hsiao,T.C., Raes,D and Fereres,E. 2009. AquaCrop- the FAO crop model to simulate yield response to water I. Concepts and underlying principles. Agronomy Journal. 101:426-437.
Tanner,C.B and Sinclair,T.R. 1983. Efficient water use in crop production: Research or re-search? In: Taylor,H.M., Jordan,W.A., Sinclair,T.R. (Eds.), Limitations to efficient water use in crop production. American Society of Agronomy, Madison.
Vazifedoust,M., Van Dam,J.C., Feddes,R.A and Feizi,M. 2008. Increasing water productivity of irrigated crops under limited water supply at field scale. Agricultural Water Management. 95.2:89-102.
Vedula,S and Mujumdar,P.P. 1992. Optimal reservoir operation for irrigation of multiple crops. Water Resources Research, 28.1: 1-9.