تاثیر کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی بر کارایی مصرف آب و شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی رشد گیاه دارویی حنا در شرایط کم‌آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشیار گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته

4 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

تأثیر کود­های زیستی و شیمیایی بر کارایی مصرف آب و شاخص­های فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی حنا در سه رژیم آبیاری در یک آزمایش گلخانه­ای، در سال زراعی 1393-1394 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. این آزمایش در قالب طرح فاکتوریل بر پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل­های کودی ( بدون کود ()، اسیدهیومیک()، تلقیح میکوریزایی × ورمی­کمپوست()، ورمی­کمپوست() و کود شیمیایی NPK ()) و عامل­های تنش آبی (100 درصد نیاز آبی  ()، 80 درصد نیاز آبی ()، 60 درصد نیاز آبی()) می­باشد. نتایج نشان داد که همزیستی قارچ میکوریزا، کاربرد اسیدهیومیک و شرایط بدون تنش آبی، ارتفاع بوته، قطر بوته، وزن خشک برگ، وزن خشک بوته، تعداد گره­ها، فاصله میان گره­ها، تعداد برگ و تعداد شاخه فرعی را افزایش داد. ضمن این­که صفات فوق در شرایط تنش کم­آبی، بدون همزیستی میکوریزایی و کاربرد کود کاهش یافتند. تلقیح میکوریزایی و کاربرد اسیدهیومیک به طور معنی­داری کارایی مصرف آب را افزایش داد. اثر متقابل تنش کم­آبی و تلقیح میکوریزایی × ورمی­کمپوست بر کارایی مصرف آب در گیاه حنا معنی­دار بود. بیش­ترین کارایی مصرف آب از کاربرد تلقیح میکوریزایی × ورمی­کمپوست () و شرایط تنش شدید () و کم­ترین میزان آن از تیمار شاهد  () به ترتیب   50/89 و   42/37 حاصل شد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

تاثیر کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی بر کارایی مصرف آب و شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی رشد گیاه دارویی حنا در شرایط کم‌آبیاری

نویسندگان [English]

  • alireza Vahidi 1
  • amin alizadeh 2
  • amin baghizadeh 3
  • Hossein Ansari 4
1 ph.D., student,Department of water engineering, University of ferdowsi, mashhad.
2 Professor, Water Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman.
4 Professor of Water Engineering Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

The effect of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer on water use efficiency and physiological growth indices of henna as medicinal plant was studied at three water regimes in 2014-2015 grows. The research was carried out in an greenhouse experiment using a factorial based randomized complete bloch design with three replications. The factors were fertilizers ( without any fertilizer (), humic acid(), application of mycorrhizae and vermicompost (), vermicompost () and chemical fertilizer () and water deficit condition ( 100% W.R, 80% W.R and 60% W.R). Results showed that the application of arbuscular mycorrhizae, humic acid and normal condition (no water deficit), increased Plant height, Stem diameter, Leaf dry weight, Leaf fresh weight, No.khur, Plant dry weight and No.sub stem.The above mentioned characteristics were decreased under water deficit condition, non application of mycorrhizae and non application of humic acid. Application of mycorrhizae and humic acid significantly increased water use efficiency. The intraction effects of water deficit and mycorrhizae, was statisticaly significant. The highest water use efficiency (89.5 ) ocuured under water deficit condition (60%W.R) and application mycorrhizae and vermicompost. The lowest amount of water use efficiency (37.42 ) observed without any fertilizer under normal condition ( no water deficit). 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Clonization
  • Henna
  • Humic acid
  • Mycorrhiza
  • Vermicompost
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