Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage

Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage

Water and salt balance in surface and drip irrigation of winter wheat fields under water and soil salinity conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
mehdi Akbari 1
Masoud Farzamnia 2
1 Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
2 Instructor - Agricultural Engineering Research Department - Isfahan Agricultural and Natural resources Research and Education center, (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of surface and drip irrigation on salt accumulation in the root zone of winter wheat in Loamy Soil of Mehyar plain of Esfahan. In this experiment, combining the results of an experiment field and the AquaCrop simulation model was used. According to the results, the amount of applied water in surface and drip irrigation was 10000 and 6500 m3/ha, respectively with a water salinity of 4 dS/m. The effect of irrigation methods on applied water was significant at 1% level and showed that based on this index, drip irrigation is superior to traditional method. The results showed that in surface and drip irrigation methods 60 and 85% of the total applied water and effective rainfall were used in the process of evapotranspiration, respectively, and the rest was used for leached the soil. The annual balance of soil salt showed that in the surface irrigation, the salt input is 0.5 tons per hectare less than the salt output from the root zone area, but in the drip irrigation, the amount of soil salt has increased 2 tons per hectare per year. Therefore, in order to remove the salt from the root zone, the irrigation depth was increased by 20%. In this situation, despite the stability of soil salinity, the amount of irrigation water was 20% less than surface irrigation. The field measurements showed that in the drip Tape method, a part of the field surface gets wet and soil leaching is not done well. Therefore, it is recommended to leach the salt from the soil annually using the surface or sprinkler irrigation methods.
Keywords
Simulation models
Irrigation management
Soil leaching
Sustainable agriculture
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Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage
Volume 19, Issue 1 - Serial Number 110
March and April 2025
Pages 63-74