تعیین پتانسیل آب زیرزمینی با استفاده مدل‌های یادگیری ماشین جمعی در بستر GIS (مطالعۀ موردی: دشت بیرجند)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشکده مهندسی نقشه برداری و اطلاعات مکانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی عمران آب و سازه های هیدرولیکی، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

4 دانش ‎آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پیش‌بینی پتانسیل آب‌های زیرزمینی جهت توسعه و برنامه‌ریزی سیستماتیک منابع آب بسیار بااهمیت است. هدف اصلی این مطالعه، توسعه مدل‌های یادگیری ماشین جمعی شامل جنگل تصادفی (RF)‏، رگرسیون منطقی‏ (LR) ‏و بیز ساده ‏(NB) توسط الگوریتم طبقه‌بندی‌کننده زیرفضای تصادفی ‏(RS)، جهت پیش‌بینی مناطق بالقوه آب زیرزمینی ‏‏در دشت بیرجند می‌باشد. لذا جهت پیاده‌سازی، داده‌های ژئوهیدرولوژیکی 37 حلقه چاه آب زیرزمینی (تعداد چاه‌ها، موقعیت مکانی چاه‌ها و تراز آب زیرزمینی یا سطح ایستابی) و 17 معیار هیدرولوژی، توپوگرافی، زمین‌شناسی و محیطی مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. روش انتخاب ویژگی کمترین مربعات ماشین بردار پشتیبان ‏(LSSVM) جهت تعیین معیارهای مؤثر به منظور افزایش عملکرد الگوریتم‌های یادگیری ماشین استفاده شد. در نهایت نقشه‌های پیش‌بینی پتانسیل آب‌ زیرزمینی با استفاده از مدل‌های RF-RS، LR-RS و NB-RS تهیه شدند. عملکرد این مدل‌ها با استفاده از سطح زیر منحنی (AUC) و سایر شاخص‌های آماری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مدل ترکیبی RF-RS (‏867/0 =AUC)‏‏ قابلیت پیش‌بینی بسیار بالایی برای پتانسیل آب زیرزمینی در منطقه موردمطالعه دارد. هم‌چنین مشخص شد که معیار ارتفاع بیشترین اهمیت را در پیش‌بینی پتانسیل آب زیرزمینی در منطقه موردمطالعه دارد. نتایج مطالعه حاضر می‌تواند جهت اتخاذ تصمیمات و برنامه‌ریزی مناسب در استفاده بهینه از منابع آب زیرزمینی مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of groundwater potential using ensemble machine learning models in GIS (Case Study: Birjand plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ahmad Eslaminezhad 1
  • Mobin Eftekhari 2
  • Mohammad Akbari 3
  • Ali Haji Elyasi 4
1 MSc. Alumni, Department of Surveying Engineering, Faculty of Surveying Engineering and Spatial Information, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Master of Science (MSc), Civil Engineering, Water and Hydraulic Structures, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
4 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Water and Hydraulic Structure, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Predicting the potential of groundwater is very important for the systematic development and planning of water resources. The main purpose of this study was to develop ensemble machine learning models including random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR) and Naïve Bayes (NB) by random subspace Classifier (RS) algorithm to predict groundwater potential areas in Birjand plain. Therefore, for implementation, geo-hydrological data of 37 groundwater wells (Number of wells, location of wells and groundwater level or Water table) and 17 hydrology, topographic, geological and environmental criteria were used. The least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) feature selection method used to determine the effective criteria to increase the performance of machine learning algorithms. Finally, groundwater potential prediction maps were prepared using RF-RS, LR-RS and NB-RS models. The performance of these models evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) and other statistical indicators. The results showed that the RF-RS hybrid model (AUC = 0.867) has a very high predictability for groundwater potential in the study area. It was also found that the elevation criterion is most important in predicting the groundwater potential in the study area. The results of the present study can be useful for making appropriate decisions and planning regarding the optimal use of groundwater resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater potential
  • Random forest
  • Logistic regression
  • Naï
  • ve Bayes
  • Random subspace

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نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران
دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 91
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 149-163

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