Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage

Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage

Investigation the placement refinement of male trees in pistachio orchard to increase water productivity

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Maryam jamali Nazari 1
Masoud Soltani 2
Hadi Ramezani Etedali 3
1 Graduated M.Sc. student of Irr. & Dra. Eng., Water Sci. & Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agri. & Natural Res. Imam Khomeini International University, Iran, Qazvin
2 Assistant Professor, Water Science. & Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agri. & Natural Res. Imam Khomeini International University, Iran, Qazvin
3 Professor Water Sci. & Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agri. & Natural Res. Imam Khomeini International University, Iran, Qazvin
Abstract
Pistachios are considered as an economic crop in horticulture and, compared to other crops, they will gain more income by consuming less water, which is a major advantage for the global agricultural market. One of the factors affecting the yield and quality of pistachios is proper pollination in the orchard, which is directly related to the number of male trees in the orchard. Typically, 5 to 7 percent of the trees in the orchard are male rootstocks, which need to be properly distributed throughout the orchard based on the climatic conditions of the region. This research was conducted in the pistachio orchards of Popli Farm in Qazvin, covering an area of 193 hectares. 20 drone flights were conducted and 2722 aerial images were taken from a height of 30 meters above the orchard. After image processing and determining the location of male trees in the orchard, a modified layout map was prepared for a sample orchard, and based on the orchard's water consumption data over 10 years, water productivity values were evaluated under two modified scenarios. In the first scenario, minimal changes were made to the position of male trees, and in the second scenario, placement was done regardless of the current situation and based on the suggestions of previous studies. The results obtained for water productivity values in both scenarios showed that modifying the placement of male trees in the sample orchard improved total productivity, and its amount increased from about 1 kg m-3 to 12% in the first scenario and about 24% in the second scenario. As a result, with less water consumption or increasing the yield with the same amount of water consumption, the orchardist will have more income.
Keywords
Increasing water productivity
drone
RGB images
Ahmad Aghaei
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Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage
Volume 19, Issue 1 - Serial Number 110
March and April 2025
Pages 135-143