Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage

Iranian Journal of Irrigation & Drainage

Optimal location of pumping wells in coastal aquifer using the simulation-optimization model (MLPG - MOIPO)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 PhD student in Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand
2 Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand., Birjand., Iran
3 Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
4 Seyed Saeid Eslamian, Department of Water Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture, Isfahan Univetsity of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Saline intrusion into freshwater aquifers is one of the important and challenging issues in water resources management. This process is usually the result of human activities such as excessive exploitation, groundwater depletion, as well as natural factors such as climate change and erosion. In this study, a combined numerical simulation model with Petrov-Galerkin gridless discretization method was presented based on the multi-objective optimization model of the sloped surface algorithm. Considering the high accuracy, efficiency and time saving in modeling, the MLPG-MOIPO simulator-optimizer model can be used as an optimal model for locating wells for exploiting aquifers. The results showed that the simultaneous use of the sloped surface system algorithm and the gridless numerical method can be of great help in optimal management to reduce groundwater level drop and maximize water extraction, minimizing saltwater intrusion. In this study, in order to investigate the efficiency of the numerical simulation model based on the Petrov-Galerkin gridless method in a coastal aquifer, an example was solved and evaluated with previous works, and the results of this evaluation showed the accuracy and validity of the developed model. Also, combining this model with the simulated model revealed its applicability in the optimal management of coastal aquifers. The results obtained from the quantitative examination of the performance of the MOIPO algorithm in the values ​​of the proximity and dispersion criteria show that the multi-objective algorithm for optimizing the sloped plate system has good performance. Therefore, the combined MLPG-MOIPO model can be introduced as an efficient model in the simulation and optimization of coastal aquifers.
Keywords

ارانی ادیمی، ع.، رضاپور، م.، رضاپور، ع. و مقری، پ. 1402. بررسی اثر ترکیبی چاه تزریق و دیوار آب‌بند بر جلوگیری از هجوم آب‌شور در آبخوان ساحلی. پنجمین کنفرانس ملی مهندسی و مدیریت محیط‌زیست قائم‌شهر، خرداد، مازندران، ایران.
کتابچی، ح. و عطایی آشتیانی، ب. 1389. توسعه الگوریتم فرا ابتکاری بهینه‌سازی جامعه مورچه‌ها به‌صورت تلفیقی با مدل شبیه‌سازی عددی برای مدیریت بهینه آبخوان‌های ساحلی. فصلنامه تحقیقات منابع آب ایران، سال 7(1):12-1.
شکری، ن. و همایون، س. ر. 1392. ارزیابی روش‌های حل معادله انتقال پخش (Advection Diffusion) به روش احجام محدود (Finite Volume). دوازدهمین کنفرانس هیدرولیک ایران، کرج.
قری، پ.، رضاپور، م. و رضاپور، ع. 1401. بررسی آزمایشگاهی تأثیر هم‌زمان چاه برداشت و دیوار آب‌بند برکاهش هجوم آب‌شور در آبخوان ساحلی. اولین همایش ملی توسعه پایدار خلیج‌فارس: محیط‌زیست بر مناطق ساحلی، اردیبهشت، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس، بوشهر، ایران.
محتشمی، ع. 1395. استفاده از روش بدون شبکه در مدل‌سازی جریان آب زیرزمینی در آبخوان آزاد. پایان­نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه بیرجند.
مظفری معارف، م. ح. و ظهیری، س. ح. 1391. الگوریتم بهینه­سازی سیستم صفحات شیب­دار. مجله علمی پژوهشی رایانش نرم و فناوری اطلاعات. 1(1): 20-3.
نخعی، م.، محمدی، خ. و رضایی، ح. 1384. بهینه­یابی مدل عددی برداشت از آبخوان با استفاده از الگوریتم ژنتیک (مطالعه موردی آبخوان ساحلی ارومیه)، یادداشت فنی مجله­ی تحقیقات منابع آب ایران، 10(2): 20-11.
Arslan, H. and Demir, Y. 2013. Impacts of seawater intrusion on soil salinity and alkalinity in Bafra Plain. Turkey Environ Monitoring Assess. 185(2): 1027–1040. . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2611-3
Abd-Elaty, I., Shahawy, A.E., Santoro, S., Curcio, E. and Straface, S. 2021. Effects of groundwater abstraction and desalination brine deep injection on a coastal aquifer. Science of the Total Environment. 795: 148928.
Abdoulhalik, A., Ahmed, A. and Hamill, G. 2017. A new physical barrier system for seawater intrusion control. Journal of Hydrology. 549: 416–427. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001194
Bear, J. 1999. Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers. Springer Science & Business Media.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148928
Diersch, H.J. 1988. Finite element modelling of recirculating density-driven saltwater
intrusion processes in groundwater. Advances in Water Resources. 11 (1): 25-43. https://doi.org/
Elci, A. and Ayvaz, MT. 2014. Differential-evolution algorithm best optimization for the site selection of groundwater production wells with the consideration of the vulnerability concept. Journal of Hydrology. 511: 736-749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.071
El Shinawi, A., Kuriqi, A., Zelenakova, M., Vranayova, Z. and Abd-Elaty, I. 2022. Land subsidence and environmental threats in coasta aquifers under sea level rise and over-pumping stress. Journal of Hydrology. 608:127607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.12760
Formato, R.A. 2007. Central force optimization: A new metaheuristic with applications in applied electromagnetics. Journal of Progress in Electromagnetics Research. 77: 425–491.  https://doi.org/10.2528/ PIER07082403
Guo, X., Zhang, J., Xu, Y., Xu, H., Ding, G., Wang, Z. and Ma, X. 2013. Study on seawater intrusion in Kiaochow bay region. Journal of Meteorological and Environmental Research. 4(1): 39–40.
Hughes J.D. and Sanford WE. 2004. SUTRA-MS: a version of sutra modified to simulate heat and multiple-solute transport. 1207. Open-File Report 1207.
Hans, J. and Diersch, G. 2014. Finite element modeling of flow mass and heat transport in porous and fractured media. Springer.
IPCC. 2021. The IPCC has finalized the first part of the sixth assessment report, climate change 2021: the physical science basis, the working group contribution to the sixth assessment report. It was finalized on 6 August 2021 during the 14th Session of Working Group I and 54th Session of the IPCC. . https://doi.org/
IPCC .2007. An Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Adopted section by section at IPCC Plenary XXVII (Valencia, Spain, 12–17 November 2007), represents the formally agreed statement of the IPCC concerning key findings and uncertainties contained in the Working Group contributions to the Fourth Assessment Report.
Ismaili M.R. and Zahiri s.h. 2013. Epilepsy diagnosis in EEC signal using line length and classification based on IPO algorithm. Second International Conference on Model Recognition and Image Analysis of Iran, University of Gilan. (In Persian).
Javadi, A. Hussain, M. Sherif, M. Farmani, R. 2015. Multi-objective Optimization of Different Management Scenarios to Control Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Aquifers. Journal of Water Resources Management. 29: 1843–1857, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-0914-1.
Kansa, E.J. 1990. Multiquadrics-A Scattered Data Approximation Scheme with Applications to Computational Fluid-Dynamics-II Solutions to Parabolic Hyperbolic and Elliptic Partial Differential Equations. Computers and Mathematics with Applications. 19: 147-161.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/08 98-1221(90)90271-K.
Liu, W.K., Jun, S. and Zhang, Y.F. 1995. Mesh free methods. CRC PRESS, Boca Raton, London, NewYork, Washington, D.C.
Luyun, J.R., Momii, K. and Nakagawa, K. 2009. Laboratory-scale saltwater behavior due to subsurface cutoff wall. Journal of Hydrology. 377(3–4): 227–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.08.019
Majidi Khalilabad, N., Mohtashami, A., Khorashadizadeh, M. and Akbarpour, A. 2022. Monitoring network design with MLPG-TLBO hybrid model: A case study of Birjand, Iran. Applied Water Science, 12(6): 117. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01641-0]
Mohtashami, A., Al-Ghafri, A., Khaneiki, M. L. and Akbarpour, A. 2025. Application of the quality border delineation for sustainable protection of groundwater resources, qanats, against contamination using meshless numerical method. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 104608. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104608]
Mohtashami, A., Hashemi Monfared, S. A., Azizyan, G., and Akbarpour, A. 2019. Prediction of groundwater fluctuations using meshless local Petrov–Galerkin numerical method in a field aquifer (Birjand Aquifer). Numerical Methods in Civil Engineering, 3 (4): 33–41. https://doi.org/10.22034/nmce.2019.184706
Mozaffari, M.H. and Zahiri S.H. 2014. Unsupervised data and histogram clustering using Inclined Planes system Optimization algorithm. Journal of image analysis and stereology. 33(1): 65-74.
Omajene, A., Egbai, J., Chucks, O. and Emmanuel, C. 2024. Investigation of Saltwater Intrusion into Freshwater Aquifers in Some Estuary Environment in Niger Delta, Journal of Water Resources and Ocean Science. 13(4): 94-104. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wros.20241304.11.
Polemio, M. and Zuffiano, L. E. 2020. Review of utilization management of Groundwater at risk of salinization. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. 146(9): 20. https://doi.org/10.1061/ (ASCE) WR.1943-5452.0001278.
Rastogi, A. K. Choi, G. W. and Ukarande, S. K. 2004. Diffused interface model to prevent ingress of seawater in multi-layer coastal aquifers. Journal of Special Hydrology. 1-31.
Sun, L.Y., Hua, C.X., Guo, L., Liu, J.Z., Xiu, S.Y. and Sun, Y.A. 2006. Application of high pressure grouting technology to prevent seawater intrusion in Jiaodong Peninsula. Journal of Water Conservancy Project Construction and Management. 26(6): 53–54.
Sun, Q., Zheng, T., Zheng, X. and Walther, M. 2021. Effectiveness and comparison of physical barriers on seawater intrusion and nitrate accumulation in upstream aquifers.  Journal of contaminant hydrology. 243: 103913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jconhyd.2021.103913.
Shen, Y., Xin, P. and Yu, X. 2020. Combined effect of cutoff wall and tides on groundwater flow and salinity distribution in coastal unconfined aquifers. Journal of Hydrology. 581: 124444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol. 2019. 124444.
Voss, CI.  And Provost, A. M. 2010. SUTRA-A model for saturated-unsaturated variable-density ground-water flow with solute or energy transport. Report 2(4231).
Yang, J., Graf, T., Luo, J. and Lu, C. 2021. Effect of cutoff wall on freshwater storage in small islands considering ocean surge inundation. Journal of Hydrology. 603, 127143. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jhydrol.2021.127143.
Ye, Yu., Chiogna, G., Cirpka, O. Grathwohl, P. and Rolle, M. 2015. Experimental Investigation of Compound Specific Dilution of Solute Plumes in Saturated Porous Media: 2-D vs. 3-D Flow-Through Systems. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. 172: 33-47. .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2014. 11.002.
Zeynali, M. J., Pourreza-Bilondi, M., Akbarpour, A., Yazdi, J. and Zekri, S. 2022. Optimizing pump-and-treat method by considering important remediation objectives. Applied Water Science. 12 (12): Article 268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01785-2