ارزیابی و مقایسه اثر بیوچار و هیدروچار اصلاح شده، زئولیت و سوپر جاذب به صورت لایه‌ای برکاهش آبشویی نیترات در یک خاک لوم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز،اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار آبیاری و زهکشی دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز ، ایران

چکیده

وجود نیترات در منابع آبی یکی از مهم‌ترین نگرانی‌های جهانی محسوب می‌شود، از این رو جلوگیری از ورود آن به آب با استفاده از موادی همچون هیدروچار، بیوچار، زئولیت و سوپر جاذب می‌تواند بسیار مفید باشد. بدین منظور این تحقیق در سال 1398 با چهار تیمار در 3 سطح مختلف و 4 تکرار انجام گرفت. در این تحقیق از لوله‌های پی وی سی(pvc) به تعداد 36 عدد و به قطر و ارتفاع به ترتیب 5/10 و 50 سانتی متر در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شماره یک دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز استفاده شد. تیمارها شامل هیدروچار(H) ، بیوچار (B)، زئولیت پتاسیمی (Z)و سوپر جاذب نوع A200 (S) در سه سطح (M0، M2 و M5 به ترتیب شامل صفر، 2 و 5 گرم در کیلو گرم خاک) بود. طول دوره آزمایش شامل 10 آبیاری بود و در پایان هر آبیاری نیترات خروجی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر سوپرجاذب، زئولیت و بیوچار در تمام آبیاری‌ها و هیدروچار غیر از آبیاری 4 و 6 در سطح 5 درصد بر کاهش آبشویی نیترات معنی‌دار بود. تیمار SM2 و SM5 به ترتیب 42 و 58 درصد ، تیمار ZM2 و ZM5 به ترتیب20 و 29 درصد، تیمار BM2 و BM5 به ترتیب 30 و 43 درصد و تیمار HM2 و HM5 به ترتیب 20 و 31 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد در جلوگیری از آبشویی نیترات موثر بودند. به‌طور کلی تیمار سوپرجاذب به دلیل جذب بالاتر قابل توصیه است.
واژه‌های کلیدی: آبشویی نیترات. بیوچار اصلاح شده. زئولیت. سوپرجاذب. هیدروچار اصلاح شده.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and comparison of the effect of modified biochar and hydrochar, zeolite and superabsorbent as a layer to reduce nitrate leaching in a loam soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • yazdan khodarahmi 1
  • Zeynab hamid 2
  • Amir Soltani mohamadi 3
1 1. MSc. Student of irrigation and Drainage, faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran Univrsity of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 2. M. Sc. Student of irrigation and drainage, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran Univrsity of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Department of irrigation and Drainage, faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran Univrsity of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The presence of nitrate in water resources is one of the most important global concerns, so it can be very helpful to prevent it from entering the water using materials such as hydrocar, biochar, zeolites and superabsorbents. For this purpose, this study with four treatments at 3 different levels and 4 repetitions was conducted in 2019. In this study, 36 PVC pipes with diameter and height of 10.5 and 50 cm, respectively, were used at research farm Faculty of Water Sciencs Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Treatments included hydrocar (H), biochar (B), potassium zeolite (Z), and superabsorbents of type A200 (S) at three levels (M0, M2, and M5, respectively, including zero, 2, and 5 g / kg soil), respectively. The duration of the experiment included 10 irrigations, and at the end of each irrigation, the output nitrate was measured. The results showed that the effect of superabsorbent, zeolite and biochar in all irrigations and hydrocar other than irrigation 4 and 6 at 5% level was significant on reducing nitrate leaching. SM2 and SM5 treatments were 42% and 58%, respectively, ZM2 and ZM5 treatments were 20% and 29%, respectively, BM2 and BM5 treatments were 30% and 43%, respectively, and HM2 and HM5 treatments were 20% and 31%, respectively, compared to control treatment was effective in preventing nitrate leaching. In general, superabsorbent treatment is recommended due to higher absorption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nitrate leaching
  • Modified biochar
  • Zeolite
  • Superabsorbents. Modified hydrochar
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