نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران

نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران

ارزیابی آزمایشگاهی عوامل مؤثر بر شاخص سرعت برای محاسبه دبی جریان در آبراهه‌های روباز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان< گرگان، ایران
2 عضو هیئت علمی گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
3 دانش‌آموخته مقطع دکتری سازه های آبی، دانشگاه تهران
4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
5 عضو هیئت علمی گروه علوم و مهندسی آب دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
چکیده
به دلیل مشکلات اندازه گیری روش‌های مستقیم برآورد دبی جریان، اخیراً روش های غیرمستقیم مبتنی بر مفهوم سرعت سطحی توسعه پیدا کرده اند. با توجه به محدود بودن مطالعات صورت گرفته و خلأ ارتباط میان عوامل هندسی و هیدرولیکی آبراهه با شاخص سرعت، طی پژوهش حاضر به بررسی آزمایشگاهی تأثیر پارامترهای بی‌بعد شامل زبری بی‌بعد، عمق نسبی، عدد فرود و شیب آبراهه بر شاخص سرعت پرداخته شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش پارامترهای عمق نسبی، ضریب زبری مانینگ بی‌بعد و عدد فرود سبب کاهش شاخص سرعت می-شوند، اما تأثیر پارامتر شیب بستر بر شاخص سرعت مشخص نیست. مقدار متوسط شاخص سرعت در کانال‌های مستطیلی 92/0 به‌دست آمد. خطای متوسط خطای این شاخص حدود 9/4 درصد برآورد گردید که نشان می‌دهد این مقدار شاخص سرعت، دبی جریان را با تخمین مناسبی برآورد می‌کند. همچنین بررسی مدل‌های تحلیلی توزیع قائم سرعت نشان داد که در حالت بستر صاف، مدل قانون توانی با 5/4 درصد میانگین خطا و در حالت بستر با زبری توری، قانون لگاریتمی با 10 درصد میانگین خطا بهترین برآورد شاخص سرعت را دارا می‌باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Experimental Investigation of Effective Factors on the Velocity Index for Calculating Discharge in Open Channels

نویسندگان English

Zahra Ghorbani 1
Abdolreza Zahiri 2
Hossein Khalili Shayan 3
Amir Ahmad Dehghani 4
Khalil Ghorbani 5
1 Department of Water Science and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources,, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Department of Water Science and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Ph.D. Graduated of Water Structures, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Prof., Dept. of Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources., Gorgan., Iran
5 Department of Water Science and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده English

Due to the measurement problems related to direct methods for estimating discharge, indirect methods based on the concept of surface velocity have been recently developed. In the present research according to the limited number of studies and the lack of appropriate relations between river geometric and hydraulic parameters with velocity index, the effect of dimensionless parameters including dimensionless Manning roughness coefficient, relative depth, Froud number and bed slope on the velocity index has been experimentally investigated. The results showed that by increasing the parameters of relative depth, dimensionless Manning roughness coefficient and Froude number the velocity index decreases. Meanwhile the influence of the bed slope is not clear. The mean value of the velocity index in rectangular channels was 0.92 and the its average error was estimated to be about 4.9%. Also, the analysis of the analytical models of the vertical velocity distribution showed that in the case of a smooth bed, the power law model with 4.5% average error and in the case of the bed with metal mesh, the logarithmic law with 10% average error have the best estimate of the velocity index.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Estimation of Discharge
Surface Velocity
Velocity Index
Bed Slope
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