نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران

نشریه آبیاری و زهکشی ایران

بررسی تأثیر کشت مخلوط چغندرقند با نخود و باقالا بر عملکرد و بهره‌وری آب و زمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج
2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج
3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج
4 دکتری ژنتیک‌بیومتری، دانشگاه زنجان و کارشناس پژوهش‌های کاربردی، مرکز تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آب در اراضی دیم دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
به منظور بررسی شاخص‌های کشت مخلوط تحقیقی به صورت بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در قالب 18 تیمار، و 3 تکرار در سال 1402 در یک قطعه 600 متری در شهرستان ممسنی، استان فارس به روش کشت مخلوط افزایشی انجام شد. تیمارها شامل 8 تیمار کشت مخلوط چغندرقند با نخود و باقالا با کود و بدون کود اوره و دو فاصله 20 و 40 سانتی‌متر روی ردیف باقالا و نخود و 10 تیمار تک کشتی بود. حداقل و حداکثر مقدار شاخص نسبت برابری زمین 84/1 و 01/1 بود که به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای IBF40 (کشت مخلوط باقالا و چغندرقند با فاصله 40 و با کود اوره) و IP20 (کشت مخلوط نخود و چغندرقند با فاصله 20 و بدون کود اوره) بود و حداقل و حداکثر مقدار شاخص تغییر در بهره‌وری آب 88/0 و 04/0 بود که به ترتیب مربوط به تیمارهای IBF40 و IP40 (کشت مخلوط نخود و چغندرقند با فاصله 40 و بدون کود اوره) می‌باشد. نتایج مربوط به شاخص‌های بهره‌وری اقتصادی آب و زمین نشان داد که کشت مخلوط چغندرقند با نخود یا باقالا می‌تواند بهره‌وری نسبی آب و زمین را افزایش دهد ولی این افزایش بهره‌وری لزوما به معنی افزایش درآمد اقتصادی نیست و نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که تنها کشت مخلوط چغندرقند و باقالا از نظر اقتصادی بسیار مناسب‌تر است. عامل اصلی تعیین کننده در درآمد کل می‌تواند عملکرد و ارزش متفاوت هر سه گیاه ‌باشد که نهایتا در این مطالعه ملاحظه شد که کشت مخلوط چغندرقند و باقالا با 4/1 برابر کردن درآمد نسبت به تک کشتی منجر به افزایش درآمد کل شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the effect of intercropping of sugar beet with peas and beans on the yield and productivity of water and land

نویسندگان English

Ramin roshenas 1
masoud parsinejad 2
Farhad Mirzai 3
khodabakhsh Guderzund Chegini 4
1 Master's student, Irrigation and Development Engineering Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, Tehran University, Karaj
2 The associate professor of Irrigation and Development Engineering Group, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering & Technology, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran,karaj.
3 2. Associate Professor, Irrigation and Development Engineering Department, Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, Karaj
4 PhD in genetics-biometrics, Zanjan University and applied research expert, Soil and Water Conservation Research Center in the Rainy Lands of Tehran University
چکیده English

investigate the indicators of mixed cropping, research was done in the form of complete randomized blocks in 18 treatments, and 3 replications in 1402 in a 600-meter plot in Mamsani city, Fars province, using incremental mixed mold cultivation method. The treatments included 8 mixed treatments of sugar beet with chickpeas and beans with and without urea fertilizer and two distances of 20 and 40 cm on the row of beans and chickpeas and 10 single-ship treatments of each plant with its own single-ship conditions. The Minimum and maximum index values compared to land were 1.84 and 1.01, respectively, corresponding to treatments IBF40 (intercropping of peas and sugar beet with 40 distance and with urea fertilizer) and IP20 (intercropping of peas and sugar beet with 20 distance and without). urea fertilizer) and less and a small amount of the index of change in water productivity was 0.88 and 0.04, which corresponds to the treatments IBF40 and IP40 (intercropping of peas and sugar beet with a distance of 40 and without fertilizer). The results related to the economic productivity indicators of water and land showed that the mixture of sugar beet with peas or beans can increase the relative productivity of water and land, but this increase in productivity does not necessarily mean an increase in income, and the results of this study showed that only the mixture of sugar beet. And Beanis much more suitable from the economic point of view. the main determining factor in the total income can be the different performance and value of all three plants, which was finally observed in this study that the mixture of sugar beet and beans increased the total income by doubling the income by 1.4 compared to a single plant

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Land equality ratio
change in water productivity
increase in income
peas
beans
Abbasi, R. and Namdari, M. 2023. Effect of soybean and sesame intercropping on grain yield and yield components under the low-nitrogen condition. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 54(1): 1-10. doi: 10.22059/ijfcs.2021.324886.654833
Abdullahian Nougabi, M., Sharifi, H., Babaei, B. and Bahmani, G. 2013. Introduction of a new formula for determining the purchase price of fall-grown sugar beet. Sugar beet. 29(2): 227-215. doi: 10.22092/jsb.2014.5635
 Ahmadvand, K. and Hajinia, S. 2013. Investigating the ecological aspects of different intercropping patterns of replacing soybean (Glycine max L.) and common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Agricultural Ecology. 7(4): 485-498. doi: 10.22067/jag.v7i4.4374
Akbari, Sh. 2013. investigation on the use of mixture in sustainable development, increasing yield, improving the use of water resources and controlling weeds, the first national conference on sustainable development of agriculture using cropping patterns, Hamadan
Bagheri Shirvan, M., Zaafrian, F., Akbarpour, V. and Asadi, Q. 2012. Evaluating the usefulness of yield and economic efficiency of soybean intercropping with basil and European borage. Journal of ecological agriculture. 2: (2). 57-42.
Bahrami, M. and Hanrour, M. 2014. The effect of climatic factors, seed type and harvest time on the quantity and technological quality of sugar beet in the western regions of Iran. Food science and nutrition. 14(2). 49-62.
Banik, P., 1996. Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and legume intercropping under 1:1 and 2:1 row-replacement series system. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 176: 289- 294.
Chaichian, F., Passari, B., Sabbaghpour, S.H., Rokhzadi, A. and Mohammadi, Kh. 2021. Evaluation of ecological and economic indicators in intercropping of chickpeas and wheat with the use of nitroxin biofertilizer in Hamedan's dry conditions. Iran Rainfed Agriculture. 10(2): 125-141. doi: 10.22092/idaj.2021.353985.328.
Dhima, K.V., Lithourgidis, A.S., Vasilakoglou I.B. and Dordas, C.A., 2007. Competition indices of common vetch and cereal intercrops in two seeding ratio. Field Crops Research. 100: 249-256.
Ehsanipour, A., Abbas Dekht, H., Qolipour, M. and Abdali Mashhadhi, A. 2019. Evaluation of the effect of inoculation of biofertilizers on traits related to yield in sugarcane-legume intercropping. Sciences of Crop Plants of Iran. 51(4): 85-99.
Elshamy, M. A., Hamy, M. K. and Ahmed, A. A. 2016. Effect of faba bean sowing distance and some combinations of mineral nitrogen levels with bio-fertilizers on sugar beet and faba bean productivity under intercropping system. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy. 38(3): 489-507.
Ghosh, P.K. 2004. Growth, yield, competition and economics of groundnut/cereal fodder intercropping systems in the semi-arid tropics of India. Field Crops Research. 88: 227-237.
Hamzai, J. and Seddighi Kamel, J. 2023. Increasing the productivity of resource use, profitability and fertility of potatoes through intercropping with green beans. Journal of Plant Production Research/Pizhūhish/hā-yi Tulīd-i Giyāhī. 29(4).‎
Ismailian, Y. and Amiri, M., b. 2019. Agronomic and economic evaluation of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinium L.) intercropping under the conditions of application of micronutrient elements. Scientific Journal of Ecophysiology of Agricultural Plants. 1 (57): 1-20.
Khosravi, H. 2014. Rhizobiums and their role in nitrogen management of agricultural lands cultivated with legumes. Land management. 3 (1): 37-48.
Kochaki, A., Najibnia, S. and Lehganidzaki, b. 2004. Performance evaluation of Crocus sativus saffron. L in intercropping with cereals, legumes and medicinal plants. Agricultural research in Iran. 1 (7): 184-175.
Li, L., Sun, J., Zhang, F., Li, X., Yang, S. and Pengel, Z. 2001. “Wheat/maize or wheat/soybean strip intercropping I. Yield advantage and interspecific interactions on nutrients”. Field Crops Research. 71: 123-137.
Lithourgidis, A.S., Vlachostergios, D.N., Dordas, C.A. and Damalas, C.A. 2011. Dry matter yield, nitrogen content, and competition in pea-cereal intercropping systems. European Journal of Agronomy. 34: 287-294.
Masri, MI, and Safina, SA. 2015. The effect of rapeseed and onion intercropping on some sugar beet cultivars under different amounts of nitrogen. Journal of Plant Products. 6 (10): 1661-1678.
Mirzakhani, M. 2013. Relationship of several ships at the same time with legumes and the use of chemical and biological fertilizers with the yield and agricultural efficiency of corn nitrogen. Knowledge of agriculture and sustainable production. 25 (2): 17-32.
Morris, R, A. and Garrity, D, P. 1993. Resource capture and utilization in intercropping: water. Field Crops Research. 34: 303–317.
Winter, S. R. 1998. Sugarbeet response to residual and applied nitrogen in Texas. Journa of Sugar Beet Research. 35: 43-62.
Zohry, A. and Ouda, S. 2019. Intercropping systems for sugar beet to improve its land and water productivity. Journal of Soils and Crops. 29(2): 218-226
Naushad, H. and Khayamim, S. 2017. The effect of different levels of nitrogen on some physiological and qualitative traits in sugar beet. Iranian Plant Sciences. 48(1): 11-24.