مقایسه کارایی بیوچار و ورمی‌کمپوست باگاس نیشکر در حذف نیترات از آب‌های آلوده و تعیین شرایط بهینه فرایند جذب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز ، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

4 استادیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده مهندسی علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

5 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

وجود نیترات در منابع آبی یکی از مهم­ترین نگرانی­های جهانی محسـوب می­شود، بنابراین استفاده از جاذب­های ارزان­قیمت همچون بیوچار و ورمی­کمپوست به عنوان راهکاری در جهت حفاظت محیط زیست و مدیریت بقایای گیاهی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه کارایی بیوچار و ورمی­کمپوست باگاس نیشکر در کاهش نیترات از آب­های آلوده و بهینه­سازی فرایند حذف انجام شد. پس از تهیه بیوچار و ورمی­کمپوست باگاس نیشکر و تعیین خصوصیات مختلف آن­ها، اثر تغییر پارامتر­های اسیدیته اولیه محلول (2 تا 11)، مقدار جاذب (1 تا 10 گرم بر لیتر)، دمای محلول (10، 22 و 30 درجه سلسیوس)، وجود یون­های رقیب (فسفات، سولفات، کربنات و کلر) و زمان تماس (0 تا 180 دقیقه) بر فرایند جذب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سپس مدل­های مختلف سینتیک و ایزوترم جذب به داده­های آزمایشگاهی برازش داده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اسیدیته بهینه (نهایی) محلول برای حذف نیترات توسط بیوچار و ورمی­کمپوست باگاس نیشکر به ترتیب برابر 64/4 و 78/3 بود و مقدار بهینه جاذب برابر 2 گرم بر لیتر به دست آمد. از میان آنیون­های رقیب، کربنات و کلر به ترتیب بیش­ترین و کم­ترین تأثیر را بر کاهش حذف نیترات داشتند و افزایش دما موجب افزایش کارایی حذف نیترات گردید. هم­چنین زمان تعادل حذف نیترات توسط بیوچار 60 دقیقه و توسط ورمی­کمپوست 120 دقیقه بود. حذف بیش­تر نیترات در شرایط بهینه توسط بیوچار (7/73 درصد) نسبت به ورمی کمپوست (48 درصد) ناشی از سطح ویژه، مقدار کربن و ظرفیت تبادل آنیونی بالاتر بیوچار نسبت به ورمی­کمپوست بود. از بین مدل­های سینتیک و ایزوترم، مدل سینتیک هو و همکاران و ایزوترم لانگمویر بهترین برازش را بر داده­های آزمایشگاهی داشتند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Compare of Biochar and Vermicompost Sugarcane Bagasse Performance on Nitrate removal From Contaminated Water and Determine the Optimum Conditions for Adsorption Process

نویسندگان [English]

  • laleh Divband Hafshejani 1
  • Abdolrahim Hooshmand 2
  • Abedali Naseri 3
  • Amir Soltani Mohammadi 4
  • Fariborz Abbasi 5
1 PhD student of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz., Ahvaz., Iran
2 Associate professor of Irrigation & Drainage. Facualty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor of Irrigation & Drainage. Facualty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz., Ahvaz., Iran
4 Assistant professor of Irrigation & Drainage. Facualty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz., Ahvaz., Iran
5 Professor of Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The presence of nitrate in water is one of the most important global concerns. Therefore use of cheap absorbents such as biochar and vermicompost is important as a solution environmental protection and management of crop residue. This study was conducted whit porpuse of compare of biochar and vermicompost sugarcane bagasse performance on nitrate removal from contaminated water and determines the optimum conditions for adsorption process. after providing of sugarcane bagasse biochar and vermicompost and determine of theirs characteristics, the effect of different parameter such as initial pH (2-11), dosage of adsorbent (1-10 g/L), solution temperature (10, 22 and 30 ° C), the presence of competing ions (phosphate, sulphate, carbonate and chloride) and contact time (0-180 min) was investigated on the efficiency of absorption. Then, different kinetic and isotherm models were fitted to the experimental data. The results of this study showed that the optimum pH of nitrate adsorption by sugarcane bagasse biochar and vermicompost was 4.64 and 3.78, respectively. Also optimum adsorbent dosage was obtained 2 gr/L. Among the competing anions, carbonate and chloride had the highest and the lowest impact on the reduction of nitrate removal and nitrate removal efficiency was increased as the temperature increases. According to kinetic experiment, equilibrium time for nitrate adsorption by biochar and was obtained 60 and 120 min, respectively. The higher removal of nitrate by biochar (73.7%) in compare to vermicompost (48%) was due to specific surface area, the amount of carbon and anion-exchange capacity of sugarcane bagasse biochar is higher than vermicompost. The pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model showed the best fit to the experimental adsorption data.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nitrate
  • Removal
  • Biochar
  • Vermicompost
  • sugarcane bagasse
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